Nutrition Reference Publication
Introduction: The performance of developing country economies in light of the liberalization reforms of the 1980s and 1990s, and especially the impact of these measures on food security and poverty, are being widely debated today in the context of the ongoing WTO agricultural negotiations under the Doha Development Agenda, and the challenges inherent in meeting the Millennium Development Goals. It is in this context that a High-Level Round Table was organized by FAO to c...
Excerpt: This working paper is the second report on a project to stimulate interest and effort in more intensive exploitation of Sri Lanka?s bottom-dwelling marine fish resources. A previous working paper (BOBP/WP/6, October 1980) covered trials of the use of bottom-set longlines off the south west coast of Sri Lanka during the period October 1979 to March 1980. This report describes further trials, using the same method of capture, carried out on the east and west coast...
INTRODUCCI?N: Tal como se hizo en anteriores períodos de sesiones, se invita al Comit? a realizar su examen prospectivo de las actividades previstas en el Programa Principal 2.3: Pesca. En el œltimo período de sesiones se presentaron ante el Comit? tanto la secci›n pertinente del Plan a Plazo Medio 2004-09 como un documento adicional con esta finalidad. Se recordarÿ que el Comit? del Programa recomend› que, ademÿs de la perspectiva a mÿs largo plazo ofrecida en el docume...
Abstract: The quality of freshwater at any point on the landscape reflects the combined effects of many processes along water pathways. Human activities on all spatial scales affect both water quality and quantity. Alteration of the landscape and associated vegetation has not only changed the water balance, but typically has altered processes that control water quality. Effects of human activities on a small scale are relevant to an entire drainage basin. Furthermore, lo...
Excerpt: Los riesgos naturales, la sequía, los ciclones y las inundaciones registrados desde el principio del a?o han menoscabado gravemente la seguridad alimentaria de millones de habitantes de todo el mundo, provocado muchas muertes humanas y obligado a miles de personas a emigrar. Es mÿs, en algunas zonas los problemas naturales se han visto agravados por las guerras y los disturbios civiles, mientras que en otros los problemas econ›micos continœan afectando a la prod...
Excerpt: Hygiene standards and procedures usually described as Good Hygienic Practices (GHP) or Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), have been in place for many years and constituted an essential tool in traditional food control. These concepts are still essential in a modern food control system by providing the basic environmental and operating conditions for production of safe food and thus being a requisite or foundation for HACCP in an overall food safety management p...
Excerpt: Dr. G.H. Beaton Professor and Head Department of Nutrition School of Hygiene University of Toronto Toronto, Canada Dr. C. Govalan Director Nutrition Research Laboratories Indian Council of Medical Research Hyderabad 7, India Dr. A.E. Harner Chairman, Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin Madison, /?/Wis. 57306, USA Dr. D. V. Hegated Professor, Department of Nutrition School of Public Health Haward University 665 Hnutin/?/on Ave. Euston 15, Mnss. 021...
Excerpt: An Inter-Group Association (IGA) is an informal federation of a number of groups who have decided to help each other in areas of common interest. The purpose of an IGA is to help share information between groups, improve access to resources and represent the interest of groups within local bodies. Groups running small businesses can greatly benefit from being part of an IGA, through offering the individual small businesses some of the advantages they would have ...
Excerpt: CONCLUSIONES Se presentan cambios importantes de biomasa y composici›n de especies pelÿgicas en el Pacífico Sureste, asociadas al fen›meno de El Ni?o y a la pesca intensa desde 1972. Estos cambios se refieren a la disminuci›n muy pronunciada de anchoveta Engraulis ringens hasta cerca de 1/10 de su biomasa original y al incremento de la pesca de sardina Sardinops sagax unas 70 veces, jurel Trachurus symmetricus murphyi cerca de 81 veces y caballa Scomber japonicu...
Excerpt: Las alcaldías y las autoridades locales, por lo general, no tienen un papel directo en las políticas nacionales (seguridad alimentaria, agricultura, salud pœblica, etc.). Sin embargo, en el ÿmbito local, Ustedes pueden liderar el mejoramiento del acceso a los alimentos por parte de las familias de bajos ingresos porque ... las políticas a nivel nacional pueden no responder adecuadamente a las condiciones y necesidades locales ... el desarrollo, operaci›n y gesti...
Excerpt: Con fundamento en el anÿlisis del presente estudio, puede decirse que existe una infraestructura bÿsica a nivel institucional y legislativa para introducir los p rocesos de Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpios (MDL) en El Salvador. Se cuenta con una Ley del Medio Ambiente y una Ley Forestal con la suficiente amplitud para participar en dicho proceso, ya que incluso la primera establece en su Artículo 1 que se debe asegurar la aplicaci›n de los Tratados o Convenios In...
Excerpt: The technique of producing off-season longan has been practiced by Thai growers (Subhadrabandhu and Yapwattanaphun, 2000b). Under normal conditions, the commercial longan will require a period of cool and dry climatic conditions for induction of flowering. The Thai longan growers, however, have discovered an alternative method of floral induction in the absence of suitable climatic conditions. This is by the use of potassium chlorate which is applied to produce ...
Excerpt: Hafner, Schlarb and Pinili focus on resource and policy conflicts over the management of watersheds and water supply in metropolitan Cebu in the Philippines. As the city rapidly grows, managing its water supplies has emerged as an urgent issue. Conflicts have arisen over the city?s attempt to control land use in three nearby watersheds. The case study explores the efforts of the Cebu Uniting for Sustainable Water Foundation (CUSW), Inc ... a local civil society ...
Excerpt: Les for?ts tropicales couvrent 1,681 millions d?hectares dont environ 900 millions en Am?rique du Sud, 500 millions en Afrique et 260 millions en Asie (Tableau 1 et Figure 1). Les for?ts denses sempervirentes repr?sentent pr?s de 800 millions d?hectares, les for?ts denses semi-d?cidues 590 millions d?hectares, les for?ts s?ches 238 millions d?hectares et les mangroves, 16 millions d?hectares. Les taux de d?forestation actuels varient de 1.1% en Asie ? 0.7% en Am...
Excerpt: Selon les derni?res estimations de la FAO, la production mondiale de paddy en 2002 serait de 582 millions de tonnes (389 millions de tonnes d??quivalent usin?), soit 2.4 millions de tonnes de moins que les estimations donn?es dans le rapport pr?c?dent. Cela ?tant, la campagne aura ?t? marqu?e par une contraction de 16 millions de tonnes par rapport ? l?ann?e pr?c?dente, la production ?tant tomb?e ? son niveau le plus faible depuis 1998. La campagne de paddy de 2...
Background: China is a developing country with a total population of 1.2 billion. The forest cover is only 13.92%; per capita standing timber volume is less than 10 m3; and the forest distribution is concentrated in several areas. There is severe mismatch between limited resource and the high population density and between development and protection. The problems facing Chinese forestry are: heavily soil and water erosion, desertification, shortage of water resource, los...
Excerpt: 579. Conform?ment au Cadre strat?gique g?n?ral 2000-2015, le Plan strat?gique pour les for?ts investit la FAO d?une mission: ?Renforcer le bien ?tre des populations en aidant les tats Membres ? pratiquer une gestion durable des arbres et for?ts du monde?. 580. Dans ce contexte, il convient de mettre l?accent sur trois dimensions fondamentales de la gestion durable des for?ts: la dimension environnementale, la dimension ?conomique et la dimension sociale. C?est ...
Excerpt: Recently, an important pilot project ?Aquaculture Development in Northern Uplands? (VIE/98/009/01/NEX) was com-pleted. This project was an example of efficient cooperation between the Ministry of Fisheries of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam, provincial authorities of Son La, Lai Chau and Hoa Binh provinces, the Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1 (RIA 1), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the Un...
Excerpt: This paper attempts to review the results of all the demersal fishery surveys carried out in Sri Lanka in the past, and to reassess the current status of demersal stocks in the light of the present level of exploitation. This is seen as a first step towards identifyingdevelopment possibilities, managementmeasuresfordemersal resources, and areas requiring future investigation.